苯巴比妥单一用药治疗农村癫痫患者疗效分析

Treatment effect of single phenobarbital drug in rural epilepsy people

目的评价2011~2015年哈尔滨市农村地区苯巴比妥单一用药治疗管理癫痫患者的效果。方法惊厥型癫痫病患者进行免费苯巴比妥单一用药治疗和随访管理,评价分析药物疗效、不良反应和患者依从性等指标。通过Epi Data 3.1软件录入数据,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料用χ~2,等级资料用H检验。结果癫痫病患者随访5年治疗有效率为68.8%,3~5年恶化率呈下降趋势,不同年份苯巴比妥疗效差异有统计学意义(χ~2=226.27,P=0.000)。癫痫患者服用苯巴比妥后发生共济失调、多动及皮疹等不良反应随时间变化呈下降趋势,癫痫患者治疗1~5年不良反应情况差异无统计学意义(χ~2=23.79,P=0.690)。随访到3年时不存在自我感觉更差的患者,不同年份癫痫患者自我感觉身体状况、精神状况或劳动学习能力比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=85.86,P=0.000)。癫痫患者5年失访率为24.10%,拒绝服药是退组的主要原因。结论苯巴比妥单一用药治疗农村癫痫病患者取得良好的治疗效果,在农村地区推广并进行规范化管理是切实可行的。

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of phenobarbital monotherapy in rural areas in harbin city between 2011 and 2015. Methods Convulsions type of epilepsy patients were treated with phenobarbital free drugs and follow-up management. We evaluted indicators such as drug efficacy, adverse reactions and patient compliance. We input data by Epi Data 3.1 software and chi-square tests to compare different indicators in variant years. Results Effective rate of epilepsy patients was 68.8% for 5 years follow-up, degradation rate was on the decline from 3 to 5 years, phenobarbital curative effect for different years was statistically significant （χ2=226.27, =0.000）. Restlessness, rash and other adverse reactions was on the decline with time change. There was no statistically significant difference for epilepsy patients from 1 to 5 years （χ2=23.79, =0.69）. No patients felt worse when follow-up achieved to 3 years. There was statistically significant difference between different years for physical condition, mental condition, or labor ability for epilepsy patients （χ2=85.86, =0.000）. 5 years lost to follow-up rate was 24.10%, refused to take medicine was the main reason for the refund group. Conclusions Single drug treatment of phenobarbital for rural epilepsy patients achieved good treatment effect, promotion and standardization management in rural areas is feasible.