FPSO泵舱消防系统性能评价与改进

Performance evaluation and improvement for fire protection systems of FPSO pump cabins

浮式生产系统(FPSO)结构紧凑、系统复杂、作业负荷大,油气泄漏和火灾风险高。选取FPSO火灾爆炸风险高的泵舱为研究对象,开展FPSO泵舱火灾风险分析,同时从热辐射、温度、烟气层高度等3个方面模拟分析泵舱火灾,发现现有消防系统可有效控制火灾和烟气的蔓延,能够保证人员安全疏散,但却无法及时有效扑灭火灾。为此,设计了一套CO_2灭火系统,并对其性能进行了模拟分析和评价,结果表明该系统可在人员全部撤出泵舱后迅速扑灭火灾,满足泵舱消防性能要求。本文研究成果可为提高FPSO火灾风险控制能力、火灾风险管理水平提供理论支撑和技术指导。

FPSO is characteristic of its compact structure, complicated system, and heavy operating load; the risk of fire disaster and oil ＆ gas leakage is very high. In this paper the pump cabin was chosen as the research object because of its high risk of fire and explosion; and fire simulations for FPSO pump cabins were carried out for risk analysis in the following aspects： heat radiation, temperature and smoke layer height. It was found out that the existing fire control system can effectively control the spread of fire and smoke, ensuring the safety evacuation, but can＇t effectively put out the fire in time. For this reason a CO2 fire extinguishing system was designed and verified by the simulation, which can extinguish the fire quickly after personnel evacuation from the pump cabin, satisfying the performance criteria of FPSO fire risk control and management. The research results can provide theoretical support and technical guidance for improving the capacity of fire risk control and management for FPSOs.