三门峡水库运用实践与分析

Operational Practice and Analysis of Sanmenxia Reservoir

为适应水沙条件、工程自身及黄河防洪体系的变化,三门峡水库运用方式历经了3次转变,先后进行过蓄水拦沙、滞洪排沙、蓄清排浑及基于蓄清排浑的洪水期敞泄排沙运用。通过探索与边界条件相互适应的运用方式的实践,在水库运用初期造成上游严重淤积的情况下,逐渐消除了不利影响,保持了335 m水库水位下相对稳定的防洪库容,持续发挥着水库的综合作用。建议三门峡水库分步开展非汛期水位320 m及以上的原型试验,释放水库库容调蓄能力,以及开展动态汛限水位、分期汛限水位等试验,进一步提高水能利用效率。

Theoperational mode of Sanmenxia Reservoir had changed three times to adapt the changes of water and sediment conditions,project itself and flood control system in the Yellow River.There are four operational modes which used in Sanmenxia Reservoir one after another,the first is storing water and sediment,the second is flood detention and discharge sediment,the third is discharging muddy and storing clear water and the fourth is discharging totally in flood time which based on the third mode.Through application practice with adapting of boundary conditions and the operational mode,under the circumstance of serious sediment deposit during the early impounding of Sanmenxia Reservoir,the adverse effects of deposit have been eliminated gradually and flood storage capacity of 335 meter water level has been maintained stably.And for improving water energy utilization efficiency,it suggests that Sanmenxia Reservoir carries out prototype test of 320 m and above that water level in non-flood season step by step and carry out prototype test of dynamic flood control level or staged limit water level in flood season.