基于水生态足迹的山西省水资源利用研究

Study on Water Resources Utilizationof Shanxi Province Based on Water Ecological Footprint Theory

利用水资源生态足迹和生态承载力模型分析了山西省2005—2013年用水生态足迹和生态承载力的动态变化,结合水资源可持续发展的各项指标评价了山西省水资源利用和发展的状况。结果表明:山西省用水生态足迹整体呈现上升趋势,从2005年的0.099亿hm^2上升到2013年的0.123亿hm^2;水资源生态承载力2005—2010年变化不大,2010—2013年上升较快;水资源生态赤字整体呈现增大趋势;山西省各个子账户用水生态足迹中,农田灌溉用水生态足迹占总水资源生态足迹的比例最大,为51.39%~56.88%,其次为工业用水账户占18.85%~26.06%;万元GDP水资源生态足迹整体呈下降趋势,水资源生态压力指数均大于5,水资源负载指数整体呈上升趋势,表明水资源消费量大于供给量,开发潜力越来越小,需要大量从外流域调水。

The water ecological footprint model and ecological capacity model were used to analyze the dynamic variations of water resources composition of Shanxi Province from 2005 to 2013.This paper combined with the index of water resources sustainable development to evaluate the development and utilization situation of water resources.The results show that the ecological footprint of water resources raises from 9.9 million hm^2 in 2005 to 12.3 million hm^2 in 2013; the ecological capacity has small inter-annual variation and shows gradually rising trend and the ecological deficit shows increasing trend; the irrigation water consumption takes great proportion in the ecological footprint of water consumption accounts of Shanxi Province and accounts for 51.39%-56.88%,followed by the industrial water consumption accounts for 18.85%-26.06%; the water ecological footprint per ten thousand RMB Yuan GDP shows decreasing trend; the water ecological pressure index is more than five and the load index of water resources shows a increasing trend,which indicates that the water consumption is greater than the supply in Shanxi Province; the development potential is smaller and smaller and a large number of water diversion from other valley is needed.