水平进水口前临界淹没水深试验研究

Experimental Study on Critical Submergence Horizontal Intake

旋涡是水工建筑物进水口前常见的水力现象,会给水工建筑物和水电设备带来严重的危害。消除旋涡最广泛采用的方法是保证进水口前的水深超过临界淹没水深。从实际工程应用计算考虑,利用水力模型试验,重点分析了弗劳德数Fr、雷诺数Re对临界淹没水深的影响,并由试验结果得到旋涡相对临界淹没水深H/D随弗劳德数Fr和雷诺数Re的变化规律。结果表明:临界淹没水深随着弗劳德数和雷诺数的增大而增大,并且与两者均有幂函数关系。综合弗劳德数Fr和雷诺数Re对H/D的影响规律,得到了相对临界淹没水深与弗劳德数Fr和雷诺数Re的定量关系式,关系式拟合度为0.863,可以满足工程实际计算要求。

Vortex is a common hydraulic phenomenon in front of theintakes of hydraulic structures.It will seriously endanger hydraulic structures and hydropower equipment.The most widely adopted method to eliminate the vortex is to ensure that the water depth exceeds the critical submergence.For the calculation when applied for engineering practice and through the hydraulic model test,this paper analyzed the influence of Fr and Re on the critical submergence.The results show that the rule about H/D change with Fr and Re,and the critical submergence will increase when Fr and Re increase,and the relationship between the critical submergence depth and Fr or Re is a power regression.Summing up the influence of Fr and Re on the H/D,it found that the quantitative formula of critical submergence depth with Fr and Re and the fitting degree is 0.863,which can meet the requirements of practical engineering calculation.