海南省居民主要慢性病及其危险因素分析

Analysis of main chronic diseases and their risk factors among residents in Hainan

目的了解海南省主要慢性病的患病率以及其主要危险因素,为制定慢性病防治政策提供科学依据。方法根据2013—2014年海南省慢性病及其危险因素监测数据,统计分析海南省18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、血脂异常等主要慢性病患病率,采用SPSS 20.0对调查数据进行统计分析。结果加权重后海南省的高血压、糖尿病、肥胖和血脂异常的患病率分别是18.1%、9.8%、5.8%和33.3%,影响高血压的因素有性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、红肉摄入过多、体重指数和血脂异常;影响糖尿病的因素有性别、年龄、饮酒、体重指数和血脂异常。结论高血压、糖尿病是海南省要重点防控的慢性病,可通过加大健康宣传教育力度,大力提倡合理膳食,戒烟限酒,适量运动等方式减少慢性病的发病。

Objective To understand the status about main chronic diseases and their risk factors among residents inHainan Province,so as to provide the evidence for making chronic diseases prevention and control measures.Methods Thesurveillance data of chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2014 werecollected and analyzed by SPSS20.0 to calculate the rates of hypertension,diabetes,obesity and dyslipidemia among theresidents aged 18 years and over.Results After weighting data,the rates of hypertension,diabetes,obesity and dyslipidemiawere 18.1%,9.8%,5.8% and 33.3% respectively.The influencing factors of hypertension were gender,age,smoking,excessivedrinking,red meat intake,body mass index and dyslipidemia.The influencing factors of diabetes were gender,age,alcoholconsumption,body mass index and dyslipidemia.Conclusion Hypertension and diabetes are the main chronic diseasesneeded to prevent and control chiefly in this province.To reduce the rates of chronic diseases,we should strengthen the healtheducation,promote rational diet,quit smoking,limit alcohol and encourage moderate exercises.