航天员虚拟训练系统评估指标研究

Research on Evaluation Metrics for Astronaut Virtual Training Systems

采用虚拟训练系统进行航天员训练是一种趋势,一些航天员虚拟训练系统正在开发中,为提升系统应用效果,需建立一套指标体系对系统进行可用性评估。针对目前航天员虚拟训练系统评估中缺乏指标体系的问题,进行了分析与研究。从系统物理特性、虚拟表现技术、交互特性及任务特性几方面分析了航天员虚拟训练系统的特点,并对可用性模型属性和评估案例中的指标进行总结,在此基础上提出了该领域专用的可用性评估指标体系。同时,利用层次分析法对一级指标进行赋权,方便把握系统的整体可用性。专家评定结果表明,建立的指标体系更加全面、准确,指标权重认可度也很高。

It is a trend to train astronauts by using virtual training systems, and some astronaut virtual training systems are under development. In order to improve the systems, evaluation metrics are in demand. However, there is little research that emphasizes on usability evaluation metrics for virtual training systems. In this paper, the charac- teristics of astronaut virtual training systems are analyzed considering physical property, virtual expressing technology, interaction and task property. Attributes in usability models and metrics used in usability evaluation cases are summa- rized. Based on these work, the domain-specific usability metrics system is proposed. Meanwhile, the analytic hier- archy process （AHP） is conducted to get weights of the first class metrics, which can be used to evaluate the overall system usability. The appropriateness of the metrics system is confirmed by experts.