肝癌的影像学诊断进展

Advances in imaging diagnosis of liver cancer

原发性肝癌诊断的金标准为肝活组织检查,但作为有创检查其临床应用具有一定的局限性。目前影像学已经成为诊断肝癌的首选方法。总结了近年影像学诊断及评估原发性肝癌的新方法和新技术,如超声造影、CT灌注成像﹑弥散加权成像相关技术-体素不相干运动(DWI-IVIM)、IDEAL IQ序列、动态增强MRI及肝细胞特异性造影剂成像等,认为影像诊断不仅可以评估病灶的分化程度、血供与灌注情况、病灶的侵袭性,而且还可以预测预后,对背景肝功能进行评估,从而为临床诊治提供更多参考。

Liver biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of primary liver cancer,but it is an invasive examination.At present,imaging has become the preferred method for the diagnosis of liver cancer.This article summarizes new imaging methods and techniques for the diagnosis and evaluation of primary liver cancer,including contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CT perfusion imaging,diffusion-weighted imaging-intravoxel incoherent motion,IDEAL IQ sequence,dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI,and hepatocyte-specific contrast-enhanced imaging,and points out that diagnostic imaging can not only evaluate the degree of tumor differentiation,blood supply and perfusion,and invasiveness of lesions,but also predict the prognosis and evaluate liver function.Therefore,it can provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.