改良Brent法全耳再造术治疗先天性小耳畸形的疗效观察及护理配合

Clinical Observation and Nursing of Modified Brent Ear Reconstruction for Congenital Microtia

目的:探讨改良Brent法全耳再造术治疗先天性小耳畸形的疗效及护理干预措施。方法:将2011年3月-2015年10月在我院行改良Brent法全耳再造术治疗的110例先天性小耳畸形患者随机分为观察组(55例)与对照组(55例),观察组患者治疗过程中采用全程护理干预,对照组患者治疗过程中采用常规护理干预,现对比分析两组患者的疗效。结果:(1)观察组术后食欲及体力恢复率显著高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=27.0821,P=0.0000);(2)两组患者术后引流管脱落率(χ~2=0.3427,P=0.5767)、引流管感染率(χ~2=1.8857,P=0.1890)、排痰困难率(χ~2=2.2000,P=0.1550)相比差异无统计学意义。观察组术后并发症总发生率显著低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.7909,P=0.0299);(3)手术治疗前,两组患者匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分、抑郁自评量表(Selfrating depression scale,SDS)评分相比差异无统计学意义(PSQI评分:t=0.5072,P=0.6130;SDS评分:t=0.2638,P=0.7924)。治疗结束时,观察组PSQI评分、SDS评分均显著低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(PSQI评分:t=5.6433,P=0.0000;SDS评分:t=8.4433,P=0.0000);(4)观察组外表满意度显著优于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.3572,P=0.0092)。结论:改良Brent法全耳再造术以及治疗时采用全程护理干预治疗先天性小耳畸形的疗效确切,具有术后食欲、体力、睡眠、抑郁情绪恢复好,并发症发生率低,美容满意度高等优点。

Objective To investigate the effect and nursing intervention of modified Brent ear reconstruction for congenital microtia. Methods The March 2011-2015 year in October in the 110 patients were randomly divided into congenital microtia underwent modified Brent method of ear reconstruction treatment as observation group （55 cases） and control group （55 cases）, the patients in the observation group nursing intervention in the treatment process, using conventional nursing intervention treatment of patients in the control group in the process, we compared the effect of the two groups of patients. Results The observation group postoperative appetite and physical recovery rate was significantly higher than the control group, there were significant differences between the groups （X^2= 27.0821, P=0.0000）. The falling rate of drainage after operation in the two groups （X^2=0.3427, P=0.5767）, drainage tube infection rate （X^2=1.8857, P=0.1890）, expectoration difficulties rate （X^2=2.2000, P =0.1550） had no significant difference. The patients in the observation group the overall complication rate was significantly lower than the control group, there were significant differences between the groups （X^2=4.7909, P=0.0299）. 1 of the two groups of patients before the surgery, Pittsburgh sleep quality index （Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI） score, self rating Depression Scale （Self-rating depression scale, SDS） score was not statistically significant difference （PSQI score： t=0.5072, P=-0.6130; SDS score： t=0.2638, P=0.7924）. At the end of treatment, the observation group PSQI score, SDS score were significantly lower than the control group, the difference between the groups was statistically significant （PSQI score： t=5.6433, P=0.0000; SDS score： t=-8.4433, P=0.0000）. The appearance of the observation group satisfaction was significantly better than the control group, there were significant differences between the groups （t=-2.3572, P=0.0092）. Conclusion The improved Brent method of ear reconstruction and treatment of the whole nursing intervention treatment of congenital microtia with exact, postoperative appetite, sleep, depression, physical recovery, low complication rate, cosmetic satisfaction etc..