马克思主义辩证法、逻辑学、认识论的统一

The unity of the Marxist dialectics,logic and epistemology

列宁给马克思主义者遗留了一个重要的研究课题——辩证法、逻辑学和认识论的统一。辩证法、逻辑学和认识论的统一思想对于理解马克思主义哲学的实质及其与各门具体科学之间的关系具有原则性、整体性的指导意义。理解马克思主义辩证法、逻辑学和认识论的统一思想的关键在于科学回答思维和存在的关系问题。具体而言,必须承认科学反映论,理解实践在认识论中的基础性地位。逻辑学具有辩证性。逻辑是思维对客观辩证法的间接反映,是一种思维再现,是一种主观辩证法。辩证法也必须用逻辑学的方式进行叙述,才能够以科学的形式呈现其内容。认识的任务是通过感性认识达到理性认识,理性认识在形式上表现为逻辑认识,也就是通过范畴、概念体系表达出来的认识。可见,马克思主义唯物辩证法、逻辑学、认识论是一个统一的整体。辩证法、逻辑学和认识论同一思想具有普遍性,而非局部性。它不只对马克思主义哲学某一个问题的解决,而是对马克思主义哲学每一个问题的解决都极为重要,它既是马克思主义的一条基本原则,也是马克思主义的基本方法,更是马克思主义战胜敌人的强大武器。

Lenin left an important research topic to the Marxists,which is the unity of dialectics, logic and epistemology. The thought of the unity of dialectics, logic and epistemology has the principle meaning to understand the essence of Marxist philosophy and the relationship between the essence of Marxist phi- losophy and each specific science. The key to understand the thought of the unity of dialectics, logic and epistemology is scientifically answering the relationship between thinking and exist＇ence. Specifically, we must admit the theory of scientific reflection, understanding the basic position of practice in epistemology. Logic has a dialectical nature. Logic is the indirect reflection of objective dialectics to thinking, is a kind of reappearing thought and is a kind of subjective dialectics. Only through the method of logic can dialectics render its content in the form of science. The task of recognition is reaching rational cognition through the perceptual cognition. Rational cognition presents as logical cognition which is expressed by category and concept system. Thus, Marxist materialist dialectics, epistemology and logic is a unified whole. This thought is very important not only to solve one problems of Marxist philosophy, but also to solve all prob- lems of Marxist philosophy. It is a basic principle of Marxism, the basic method of Marxism and the pow- erful weapon to defeat the enemy.