民法典编纂中民商法关系的重塑

Remolding the relationship between civil law and commercial law in the background of compiling the civil code

在我国民法典编纂的过程中,民商法关系应如何定位又被重新提起。尽管在没有民法典的前提下,我国实质上采取了民商合一的立法模式,但这并不是真正意义上的民商合一模式。从商法调整法律关系的独特性、伦理基础的营利性,以及民法自身兼容性的限度来看,商法具有较强的独立性特征。纵观民商法的发展历程,无论是民商分立还是民商合一,都与当时法律的功能以及经济社会的具体条件相适应。在制定民法总则的过程中,无论是立法技术还是立法实践,都难以将商事法律规范纳入民法总则中。由此,必须对我国民商法的关系进行重新定位,当前宜采取民法典、商法总则和商事单行法的基本模式。

In the process of civil code compilation, the dispute between civil law and commercial law re- lations has been re-raised. Although in the absence of the Civil Code our country in essence takes a civil and commercial integration legislation model, this is not really a sense of the civil and commercial model. Judging from the uniqueness of legal relationship, the profitability of ethical basis and the limitation of civil law itself, commercial law has strong independent characteristics. Throughout the development of civil and commercial law, whether it is the separation of civil and commercial or civil and commercial unity, it is with the legal function and economic and social conditions to adapt. In the process of developing the gener- al principles of civil law, whether it is legislative technology or legislative practice, it is difficult to incor- porate commercial legal norms into the general principles of civil law. Therefore we must re-position the civil and commercial relations and the current China should take the civil code, commercial law and com- mercial single law as the basic model.