山西中部方言“兄”和“姊”同音冲突研究

The homonymous conflict of “elder brother” and “elder sister” in central Shanxi dialect

同音冲突是语言中常见的一种现象,也是语言地理学的一个重要概念。文章通过山西中部地区79个方言点的语料,对亲属称谓词"兄"和"姊"的类型和地理分布进行了系统的考察,发现"兄"和"姊"的称谓在部分调查点同音,称"大大",造成了称谓上的混乱。研究证明,"大大"是后来产生的,当来源于"大哥"或"大姐"。文章进一步以此为基础,对汉语方言回避同音冲突的几种方法做了总结。

The homonymous conflict is a common phenomenon in many languages,and is also an important concept of linguistic geography.This paper has investigated the type and the geographical distribution of some kinship terms related to ＂elder brother＂and ＂elder sister＂in 79 places in central Shanxi,and found that in some places＂elder brother＂and ＂elder sister＂are pronounced in the same way as＂Da Da＂,thus causing some confusion.This study reveals that＂Da Da＂which derived from＂the eldest brother or the eldest sister emerged in a later period.With this,the paper summarizes several ways of avoiding the homonymous conflict in Chinese dialects.