基于高阶滑模控制的异步牵引电动机可变损耗最小化

Research of Copper and Core Loss Minimization for Induction Motors Based on High-order Sliding-mode Control

异步牵引电动机的工作效率和电能消耗率与其电动机的可变损耗有关,针对可变损耗即定转子铁损和铜损的最小化,需要计算出最佳的转子磁链模量。基于铁损的非线性数学模型和最佳效率下最优转子磁链数学模型,依托高阶滑模控制器以及超螺旋算法,转子磁链模量采用具备期望速度的异步牵引电动机实时跟踪监测。利用二次李雅普诺夫函数保证闭环跟踪监测系统的稳定性,为估算不可测的转子磁链和励磁电流变量,故设计滑模观测器,针对负载转矩来设计状态观测器。通过仿真和试验分析所提出的控制器及观测器,结果显示在同样负载转矩条件下,最优磁链相比固定磁链的可变损耗明显降低。

The efficiency and power consumption of the asynchronous traction motor are associated with the variable loss of the motor.In order to minimize the core loss of the stator and the copper loss of the rotor,the optimum rotor flux linkage modulus must be calculated.The research was based on the nonlinear mathematical model of iron loss and the optimal rotor flux linkage mathematical model under optimum efficiency.By virtue of a high-order sliding mode controller and super-twisting algorithm,the rotor flux modulus was tracked real time by induction motor with desired speed.The quadratic Lyapunov function was used to ensure the stability of the closed loop monitoring system.In order to estimate unmeasurable variables such as rotor flux and magnetization current,a sliding-mode observer was designed.For the load torque,a state observer was designed.The proposed controller and observers were analyzed by simulation and experiment.The results show that the variable loss of the optimal flux linkage is lower than the fixed flux linkage under the same load torque.