免疫检查点抑制剂的皮肤并发症及治疗进展

Cutaneous complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors and their treatments

免疫检查点抑制剂包括细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4抑制剂,如易普利姆玛以及程序性死亡受体1/程序性死亡受体-配体1抑制剂nivolumab、派姆单抗和atezolizumab.随着免疫检查点抑制剂在肿瘤治疗领域应用的逐渐增加,免疫疗法相关不良反应已引起重视,其中最常见是皮肤并发症,主要包括以斑丘疹为代表的皮疹以及瘙痒症等疾病.临床上,对不同皮肤并发症早期诊断和制定正确的治疗方案十分重要,对常出现的以斑丘疹为代表的皮疹、瘙痒症等皮肤并发症应根据皮损的严重程度和临床分级进行监控和管理.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors mainly include anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 （CTLA-4） antibodies such as ipilimumab,and anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 （PD-1）/PD-1 ligand-1 （PD-L1） antibodies,such as nivolumab,pembrolizumab and atezolizumab.With increased application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of tumors,immune-related adverse events have attracted great attention.The most common immune-related adverse reaction is cutaneous complications,mainly including skin rashes represented by maculopapular rashes,and pruritus.In clinic,it is very important to early diagnose and establish correct treatment protocols for various cutaneous complications.The above cutaneous complications should be monitored and managed according to the severity and clinical grade of skin lesions.