三种管理模式仁用杏园主要害虫与天敌动态研究

Temporal dynamics of main pests and natural enemies in kernel-apricot orchards under three different management models

为制定创新合理的害虫管理方案提高杏园生态稳定性及经济效益,以北京延庆仁用杏主产区的杏园为例,研究了仁用杏园在3种管理模式(自然生草、间作黄芩、清耕)生态条件下的物种多样性指数、害虫亚群落物种数和个体数量和天敌亚群落物种数和个体数量的全年发生动态和特征。结果表明:自然生草园和间作黄芩园物种多样性指数较高;自然生草园害虫数量最高,其次为清耕园,间作黄芩园最低;间作黄芩杏园的天敌比例最高,其次为清耕园和自然生草园。杏园间作黄芩管理模式可以吸引天敌,控制害虫数量,维护杏园生态稳定。

In order to provide a novel management model to improve kernel-apricot orchards＇ biological stability and economic efficiency,temporal dynamics of species diversity index,species number and amount of pests and natural enemies were used to analyze the three different models,which were natural grass model,intercropping Scutellaria baicalensis Georsi model and clean tillage model held in Yanqing County,Beijing.The results showed that：The first two models had higher diversity indices;The kernel-apricot orchards under natural grass model showed the highest pest number,followed by the clean tillage model and the intercropping S.baicalensis Georsi model;The kernel-apricot orchards under intercropping S.baicalensis Georsi model had the highest proportion of natural enemies,followed by the clean tillage model and the natural grass model.Compared with other two kernel-apricot orchards management models,the intercropping S.baicalensis Georsi model attracted natural enemies and promoted biological stability in kernelapricot orchard.