黄羽肉鸡与白羽肉鸡胃肠道消化酶活性比较研究

Comparison on Gastrointestinal Digestive Enzymes between Ross White Chicken and Yellow-feather Chicken

试验选取1日龄罗斯308公鸡(白羽肉鸡)和1日龄快大型岭南黄鸡公鸡(黄羽肉鸡)各240只,每组12个重复,每个重复20只鸡。检测7、14、21、28、35、42、49、56、63日龄罗斯鸡和岭南黄鸡腺胃胃蛋白酶和小肠中淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶的活性,探讨黄羽肉鸡与白羽肉鸡胃肠道消化酶分泌的差异。结果:淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶均表现为空肠和回肠中的活性高于十二指肠;黄羽肉鸡小肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和腺胃胃蛋白酶活性高于白羽肉鸡,小肠胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性低于白羽肉鸡。说明黄羽肉鸡对于淀粉类和脂肪类的饲料原料消化能力比白羽肉鸡更强,而白羽肉鸡对于蛋白质类的饲料原料消化能力比黄羽肉鸡强。因此,在配制饲料中,应根据黄羽肉鸡、白羽肉鸡消化酶活性不同的特点补充适宜的酶制剂或者调配饲料成分从而提高饲料的利用率。

Total of 240 one-day-age Ross308 chickens and 240 one-day-age fast-growing yellow-feathered chickens were randomly allocated into 12 replicates, respectively, with 20 each. At 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63 days of age, one birds in each replicate were selected for slaughter, respectively. Pepsin activity of glandular stomach and amylase, li- pase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities of small intestine were determined. The results showed that all enzyme activities in jejunal and ileum were higher than in duodenum at whole stage. Lipase, amylase and glandular stomach pepsin activities of yellow-feathered chicken was higher than those of Ross white chicken. Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities of Ross white chicken was higher than those of yellow-feathered chicken. The results indicated that yellow-feathered chicken digested starchy and fat feedstuffs better than Ross white chicken, Ross white chicken digested protein feedstuffs better than yellow-feathered chicken. By virtue of the different digestive enzyme activity of yellow-feathered chicken and white feathered chicken, commercial enzymes could be provided, or feed ingredients could be optimized to improve feed efficiency.