壁画盐害水汽来源研究——以隆兴寺为例

Research on the Water Vapor Source Induced Diseases of Wall Paintings in Longxing Temple

利用高密度电法、微波测湿和热红外成像等无损检测手段,结合便携式离子色谱的现场分析和温湿度监测等方法,从水汽和盐分2个角度开展对隆兴寺摩尼殿扇面墙壁画病害区域的综合调查,研究盐害的主要成因。结果表明,壁画支撑体和地仗中的水汽主要来源是空气中的水汽和大气降水,毛细水作用通道的存在和区域温差导致的水汽运移速度加快为水分在文物本体中的活动创造了条件,支撑体和地仗中较高含量的易溶盐是病害产生的根本原因,高湿、高盐是壁画病害区域的典型特征。

The method of ion chromatographic analysis was used to analyze major salt induced diseases of wall paintings in Moni Temple of Longxing Temple, and the non-destructive testing methods included electrical resistivi- ty tomography, microwave moisture measurement, thermal infrared imaging and temperature and humidity monitor were applied to survey the source water vapor source. The results showed as follows： NaC1 is head fact induced dis- ease ; there are latent areaways in walls and buddha stage ; at the same time, the temperature difference between the lesion area and the surrounding murals accelerates the velocity of water vapor migration; the main water vapor source is water vapor in the air of Moni Temple and atmospheric rainfall.