慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理真实体验的质性研究

A Qualitative Study on the Real Experience of Self-management in Chronic Heart Failure Patients

目的深入分析慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者自我管理的真实体验,以期为制订有针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法 2015年12月至2016年2月,采取目的性抽样法选取上海市某三级甲等医院CHF门诊收治的11例CHF患者为研究对象,采用现象学研究方法对其进行半结构式访谈,现场录音,借助NVivo 8.0统计软件,根据Colaizzi的7步分析法对资料进行分析,提炼主题。结果 CHF患者自我管理的真实体验可归纳为6个主题,即自我病情监测、服药依从性、合并其他慢性病自我管理、情绪管理、休息锻炼、饮食和水钠控制。结论 CHF患者的自我管理尚存在诸多困难,了解患者自我管理的真实体验,有助于促进医护人员给予患者更为有效支持和帮助,提高其自我管理能力,进而提升患者的生活质量。

Objective To analyze the real experience of self management in patients with chronic heart fail- ure （CHF）, in order to provide targeted intervention methods. Methods By using purposive sampling method, 11 cases were selected and investigated by semistructured interviews with on-site record,and data were analyzed by NVivo 8.0 and Colaizzi method,the themes were extracted.Results Six themes were extracted： self monitoring, medication compliance, combined with other chronic disease self-management, emotional management,rest and exercise,diet and sodium control.Conclusion There are lots of difficulties in self-management of CHF patients.To understand the real life experience of self management in patients with CHF is useful to help medical staffs to pay attention to CHF patients＇ problems and demands and give them the effective support,helping them improve their self-management ability and quality of life.