“饥饿国度的法律救赎”——印度《国家食物保障法》及其启示

National Food Security Act in India: A Study

为了解决严重的饥饿和营养不良问题,印度2013年颁布了《国家食物保障法》。该法完善了食物公共分配机制,加强了儿童和妇女的食物权保障,明确了各级政府的义务。它不仅体现了权利、义务和责任的统一以及对弱者的人文关怀,也体现了理想与现实折衷以及中央与地方博弈。由于该法在食物保障标准、特殊群体食物保障以及政府免责方面也存在缺陷,未来修法时应该提升食物保障标准,增加对赤贫者以及灾民等群体的食物权保障,规定政府在不可抗力条件下必须证明已尽最大努力才能免责。

India passed a National Food Security Act in 2013. As an attempt to enhance food security for children and women, this was also a compromise between central and state government on the one hand and between ideals and realities on another hand. Enhanced government accountability and better food security criterion need to be considered should a revision on the act be made in the future.