马克思1857-1858年经济学手稿是《资本论》第一稿吗?

Marx's Fundamentals of Political Economy Criticism (1857-1858):the First Draft of Das Kapital?

学界主流观点认为,马克思1857-1858年经济学手稿是《资本论》第一稿。但这一观点从逻辑上和事实上都存在问题。从逻辑上讲,1857-1858年马克思写作手稿时还没有以《资本论》为标题出版其研究成果的打算,而只有写作《政治经济学批判》的计划;从事实上看,1857-1858年手稿的部分内容后来整理为《政治经济学批判》第一分册出版。以《资本论》为标题出版其研究成果是在《政治经济学批判》第一分册出版之后在写作第二分册的过程中产生的。恩格斯明确地把马克思《1861-1863年经济学手稿》认定为《资本论》第一稿。从逻辑上、事实上和恩格斯的认定上,都应该把《1857-1858年经济学手稿》看作《政治经济学批判》的手稿,把《1861-1863年经济学手稿》看作《资本论》第一稿。

In the academic sector, Marx5s Fundamentals of Political Economy Criticism is often described as the first draft of Das Kapital. But there have been less logic foundation and facts to support this relationship betw-een tw-o texts. Logically, Marx had a writ-ing plan of A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy betw-een 1857 and 1858 rather than publishing his research findings titled Das Kapital. In fact, before the publishing of Das Kapital, some content of Fundamentals of Political Economy Criticism had been incorporated into the first volume of A contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. Friedrich Engels had identified the e-conomic manuscripts of 1861 to 1863 as the rough draft of Das Kapital. With logic, fact-based analysis and Engels’ identification, Marx＊s Fundamentals of Political Economy Criticism should be viewed as the rough draft of A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy while the economic manuscripts of 1861 to 1863 has been the first volume of Das Kapital.