加工工艺对茶叶硒组成及主要理化成分的影响

Effects of Processing Technology on Selenium Composition and Main Nutritional Components of Tea

比较了不同加工工艺对茶叶硒组成及茶叶主要理化成分的影响,结果表明:摊放2h,总硒、水溶性硒质量分数达最高,分别为237.87μg/kg,68.15μg/kg,比茶鲜叶提高了67.6%,86.5%;摊放8h,有机硒质量分数最高达169.9μg/kg,比茶鲜叶高出46.0%;摊放10h,氨基酸、咖啡碱、可溶性糖质量分数比茶鲜叶提高了13.0%,23.7%,2.9%,茶多酚质量分数显著降低3.5%;汽热杀青3种硒的质量分数显著高于微波杀青24.5%,10.1%,10.7%,分别为237.25μg/kg,163.7μg/kg,46.69μg/kg,茶多酚、氨基酸、可溶性糖、水浸出物质量分数显著高于微波杀青;揉捻处理2茶样中水溶性硒质量分数达44.43μg/kg,比处理1高12.5%,总硒、有机硒质量分数略有下降,茶多酚、可溶性糖质量分数显著高出3.6%,3.4%;理条处理3茶样中总硒、有机硒、水溶性硒、茶多酚、可溶性糖分别比处理1高出6.6%,0.8%,11.6%,3.3%,9.1%;微波干燥茶样中3种硒质量分数分别为160.43μg/kg,118.88μg/kg,31.12μg/kg,比热风干燥高了70.9%,42.9%,89.4%,茶多酚、咖啡碱保留较多.

The effects of processing technology on the selenium composition and main nutritional components of tea have been researched.The result shows that the contents of total and hydrosoluble selenium are 237.87μg/kg and 68.15μg/kg respectively which are 67.6% and 86.5% higher than the contents of the fresh tea leaves after 2hspread,the content of organic selenium reaches the highest level 169.9μg/kg which is 46.0% higher than the contents of the fresh tea leaves after 8hspread,and moreover,the contents of amino acids,coffein and soluble sugars are 13.0%,23.7% and 2.9% higher than those of fresh tea leaves after 10 hspread,the polyphenols decreases by 3.5%;The three styles of selenium contents in the steamed tea leaves are 237.25μg/kg,163.7μg/kg,46.69μg/kg respectively which were 24.5%,10.1% and 10.7% higher than these of microwave fixed leaves,furthermore,the contents of tea polyphenols,amino acids,soluble sugars and water extract are obviously higher;The hydrosoluble selenium content in the leaves rolled with 2nd method is 44.43μg/kg which is 12.5% higher than the other,the contents of total,organic selenium decreased slightly,otherwise,contents of polyphenols and soluble sugars are 3.6%,3.4% more;The contents of total,organic and hydrosoluble selenium,polyphenols and soluble sugars in the leaves shaped with the 3rd method are 6.6%,0.8%,11.6%,3.3%,9.1% higher than other leaves.Lastly,the three styles of selenium in the microwave dried tea each attains 160.43μg/kg,118.88μg/kg,31.12μg/kg which are 70.9%,42.9%,89.4% higher than these of sirocco dried tea,in addition,polyphenols and coffein remained more.