启蒙理性与非理性主义视野下的20世纪90年代“大众文化”辨析

The “Mass Culture” in the 1990s by the Perspective of Enlightenment Rationality and Irrationality

"大众文化"在20世纪90年代的出现是改革开放以来中国经济发展的结果亦即中国现代性发展的必然结果。文章从"启蒙理性""非理性主义"以及对崇高、权威、道德等宏大叙事的"反叛"来辨析20世纪90年代的"大众文化"。得出"大众文化"是"启蒙理性"发展的结果,同时又具备"非理性主义"典型特征的结论。"大众文化"在20世纪90年代的出现有着反专制的特殊意义,同时赋予了普通大众以"狂欢"的方式平等参与社会事务,彰显底层大众的"主体性"。又由于"大众文化"具备的解构功能,否定一切权威,警惕其滑入"历史虚无主义"当中去。讨论"大众文化"实际上是要求我们学会平衡启蒙理性与价值理性之间的张力。

The “mass culture” appearing in 1990s is the result of China’s economic development since the reform and development and is also the result of development of Chinese Modernity. In this paper, the author analyzes the mass culture from the perspective of “ Enlightenment rationality”,unon- ratio-nalism” and the “ rebellion” of great narration, such as sublime, authority and morality. The conclu-sion is that umass culture^ is the result of the development of “Enlightenment rationality” , and at the same time,it has the conclusion of “ non- rationalism” ？ The emergence of “mass culture” in the 1990s has the special meaning of anti- autocracy, at the same time, it endows the general public with equal participation in social affairs in the way of “ Carnival” ,and shows the “ subjectivity” of the bottom masses. Because of the deconstruction function of “mass culture” , it denies all authority and guards a-gainst slipping into the historical nihilism. To discuss the “ mass culture” is to require us to balance the tension between enlightenment rationality and value rationality.