西部大开发对西部地区碳排放演变的影响

The Influence of Western Development on Western Carbon Emission Tendency

西部大开发后西部地区经济增长加快、人民生活水平提高,但产业结构、技术水平以及生态环境质量却并未表现出同等程度的改善或提升。采用30个样本省份1995—2011年的面板数据,运用双重差分法进行分析,结果发现:西部大开发在促进西部地区经济增长以及地区经济趋同的同时,也使得西部地区的碳排放(尤其是人均碳排放)与其他地区相比增长更快,与此同时,西部地区与碳排放相关的因素和条件(如产业结构、技术水平、市场化程度等)未得到显著改善。在既有的资源禀赋、发展阶段、产业结构以及经济发展方式下,西部大开发初期着力于固定资产投资和资源、能源开发,忽视教育事业、市场化改革、技术创新等软环境建设,导致西部地区在经济增长的同时碳排放相对增加。因此,在今后的西部大开发规划中,应当着力于转变经济发展方式,加强软环境建设,重视人力资本积累和技术创新,提升市场化水平,才能在发展地区经济的同时实现节能减排。

After Western Development, economic growth is accelerated and people＇s living level is raised inwestern areas , however , industrial structure, technical level and ecological environment quality are not improvedand raised at the same level. This paper uses 30 provincial panel data in China from 1995 to 2011 based on the PSM-DID method, and makes core empirical analysis. The results show that while Western Development boosts economic growth in western areas and regional economic convergence, the Policy makes the carbon western areas , especially per capita carbon emission , grow more rapidly than other regions , meanwhile , the related factors and conditions in western areas , for example , industrial structure , technical level , marketization and so on , are not significantly improved. Under the existing resources endowment , development stage , industrial structure and economic development mode, at initial period, western development focused on the investment of fixed assets andenergy development but ignored the soft environment construction such as regional education, marketization reand technology innovation , which led to economic booming but carbon emission increasing relatively. Therefore , inthe following western development , western areas should transform the economic development mode, enhance soft environment construction , pay attention to human capital accumulation and technical innovation , raise marketization level so that energy conservation and emission reduction can be realized while western regional economy isdeveloped.