不同工况下活性炭吸附放射性惰性气体性能的初步研究

Study on adsorption performance of activated carbon for radioactive inert gases under different operating conditions

活性炭吸附滞留工艺是核电站处理放射性惰性气体的技术发展方向之一。本文介绍了活性炭吸附放射性惰性气体Kr和Xe的原理及其主要物理参数。通过不同运行条件下对活性炭的吸附性能进行测试,结果表明活性炭的吸附性能受到气流温度、压力、流速和湿度等多方面因素影响。过高气体温度、湿度和过低的流速导致活性炭吸附性能下降,适当提升系统运行压力有利于提高活性炭的吸附能力。研究结果可指导核电站项目中废气处理系统的设计,通过合理控制滞留系统的运行条件可以保障活性炭的吸附性能和使用寿命。

Activated carbon adsorption technique is one of the options for treatment of radioactive inert gases in nuclear power plants. This paper described the adsorbing theory of activated carbon for radioactive inert gases Kr and Xe,along with its main physical parameters. The result of performance tests under different operation conditions showed that the dynamic adsorption coefficient of activated carbon would be influenced by temperature,pressure,flow velocity and humidity of the treated gases. Excessively high temperature and humidity,as well as low flow velocity would have negative effects on the dynamic adsorption efficiency,whereas increasing pressure would be beneficial to the dynamic adsorption. This research result could be helpful to the design of the treatment system for waste gases in nuclear power plants. With the operation conditions properly controlled,the adsorption performance of activated carbon can be assured.