中小企业技术创新的国际镜鉴

International Mirror of Technological Innovation of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

选取政府支持企业技术创新较为成功的四个典型国家——美国、英国、日本和韩国作为研究对象,搜集整理这些发达国家支持中小企业技术创新所采取的相关措施和政策,分别从立法、金融政策、税收政策、财政政策、政府采购、产学研协作体系以及科技中介服务等方面归纳发达国家的主要做法。在此基础上,借鉴Rothwell(1982)的政策工具分析框架,对比分析美国、英国和中国在支持中小企业技术创新上选择的重点工具以及具体措施的特点。通过研究得到如下启示:政府应充分认识中小企业的作用,设立专门的管理部门;政府的资金支持应更多地采用间接方式,兼顾专业性、安全性和有效性;构建协同创新体系,促进产学研深度融合,发挥科技中介的知识生产和处理功能。

This study selected four typical countries, that is the United States, Britain, Japan and South Korea, which are more successful in government support for enterprise technology innovation, as the research object. This work collects the relevant measures and policies in these developed countries to support the technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises. We summarize the main practices of developed countries from the legislative,financial policy, tax policy, fiscal policy, government procurement, research collaboration system and technology intermediary services. By using the policy analysis framework proposed by Rothwell（1982）, comparative analysis of the key tools and the specific measures in support of technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises by the government of the United States, Britain and Chinese is applied to find useful enlightenment to our country. The following enlightenments are obtained through research： Government should fully understand the role of small and medium-sized enterprises and establish specialized management department; Financial support from the government should be in a more indirect way, concerning professionalism, safety and effectiveness;Government should build collaborative innovation system, promote the deep integration of industry, university and research institutions, exert knowledge production and processing functions of science and technology intermediary.