中观视野下重新犯罪的罪刑样态与耦合关系

The Modalities and Coupling of Criminality,Offender and Penalty in Recidivism under the Medium View

重新犯罪的内在结构与前后罪的外在关联是透析重新犯罪机理并确定防控策略的基础。通过采集全样本数据,运用相关分析、交互分析等研究方法发现:犯罪方面,重新犯罪多为贩卖毒品、盗窃犯罪等贪利性犯罪;主要侵犯私法益;以非暴力、轻微犯罪居多并呈现出"一低三高"等基本特征;刑量方面,轻刑适用率较高;前后罪的耦合性方面,犯罪行为收缩为贩卖毒品与盗窃两大犯罪类型,在初犯、毗邻犯罪以及惯常犯罪中,惯常犯罪的"惯性效应"最为显著;总体而言,"再犯一次"在历次犯罪中受罚最重,而随着犯罪次数的增加,再犯的刑量逐渐走低。据此,治理对象圈定化、从宽处理审慎化、制裁措施多元化以及控制节点前置化是实现重新犯罪控制的有效策略。

The internal structure and the external connection of the recidivism is the basis of the analysis of the mechanism of recidivism and formulating the preventive and restraining strategy. Through collecting all the sample data and using correlation analysis,interaction analysis methods,the author found that the recidivism tend to be economic crimes,for example,it usually is drug trafficking,theft and others. The behaviors primarily violate private interests,including nonviolent crimes and minor offences with showing‘a-low and three-high’characteristics. In terms of penalty,almost of criminals were sentenced to light punishment in criminal courts. On the coupling of the ahead crime and latter,the crime shrink to trafficking in drugs and theft. The＂Inertia effect＂ of habitual crime is the most significant among the first offense,adjacent crime and habitual crime. Overall,the second crime was given the heaviest penalty,and punishment quantity of recidivism gradually decline with the increase in the number of crimes. Accordingly,the administer of recidivism should adhere to the idea ——＂Focing on the chief cime,prudent leniency,multiple sanctions and preventive control＂.