全尺寸汽车燃烧试验火蔓延及火场温度研究

Flame spread and gas temperature based on full-scale fire test of automobile fire

为探究汽车燃烧特性以及对相邻车辆的影响,通过点燃浸有汽油的海绵引燃发动机,对两辆平行反向放置的三厢式小汽车进行全尺寸燃烧实验。火灾实验室长40 m、宽12.87 m、高11.87 m,两车间距设为0.8 m。通过摄像机、热电偶等设备获取汽车火灾的发展过程,得到汽车内温度及烟气温度随时间的变化。结果显示:点燃发动机舱20 min后火蔓延至第二辆车,汽车燃烧29 min后火势达到最大;火焰在汽车内部蔓延的速度低于在车顶的蔓延速度;汽车内测得的最高温度为900℃,实验室空间各个测点测得的烟气最高温度为89~185℃。

Full-scale experiments using two 4-door sedan passen ger cars placed side by side in the reverse direction were carried out to research the burning behavior of sedan passenger cars and its spread to another car. Engine compartment was ignited by a sponge dipped with a little gasoline.The length, width and height of the lab were 40, 12.87 and 11.87 m, and the distance between lhe cars was 0.8 m. The process of fire development was obtained by vide（） camera and the temperature change in the cars was obtained by thermoeouples.The results showed that it rook the fire about 20 minutesto spread onto the second car, and fully-devetoped burning of two cars occurred at the time of 29 rain. I1 was iound thai lhe flame spread through car roof was faster than the spread through the bottom of car compartment. The temperature inside the car peaked at 900 -C and the peak gas temperatures at every location were from 89℃ to 185℃.