西部某医科大学医学生基层工作意愿的影响因素分析

Analysis on the influencing factors of employment intention to work in primary health care institutions among medical students in one western medical university

目的 :了解西部某医科大学医学生基层医疗卫生机构工作意愿及其影响因素,为鼓励医学生到基层工作提供政策建议。方法 :以西部某医科大学临床医学、全科医学和公共卫生专业在校医学生为调查对象,在文献回顾的基础上编制适合该大学在校医学生的调查问卷,应用SPSS 17.0进行描述性和方差分析,最后运用结构方程模型探寻影响该校医学生基层工作意愿的影响因素。结果 :该校医学生基层工作意愿得分在3.40~4.00之间,基层工作意愿在性别、专业层次、年龄、户籍和专业类别等方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),女生、年龄≤20岁、专科、农村户口和公共卫生专业的医学生基层工作意愿更高。结构方程模型拟合较好,家庭因素、工作环境、经济因素、未来发展对基层工作意愿的系数分别为0.044、-0.131、0.858和0.840。经济因素和未来发展因素是该校医学生基层工作相对比较重视的因素。结论 :该校医学生基层工作意愿整体上不高,考虑医学生到基层工作意愿的影响因素,应重点关注经济因素和未来发展因素。

Objective： To understand the employment intention to work in primary health care institutions among medical students in one western medical university and explore its main influencing factors, so as to provide policy suggestions for encouraging medical students to work in primary health care institutions. Methods： Respondents were medical students majoring in clinical medicine, general practice conforming to the characteristics of medical students was and public health in one western medical university. A questionnaire produced based on the literature review. SPSS 17.0 was used to make descriptive analysis and variance analysis. The structural equation model was used to investigate the influencing factors of students＇ intention to work in primary health care institutions. Results： The score of medical students＇ intention to work in primary health care institutions was 3.40-4.00. There was statistically significant difference in sex, professional level, age, household registration and major（ P〈0.05 ） on the intention to work in primary health care institutions. Those female, less than or equal to 20 years old, junior college education, rural household registration and majoring in public health were more willing to work in primary health care institutions. The results of model fitting went well. The coefficient between intentions to work in primary health care institutions and family factors, work environment, economic factors and future development was 0.044, -0.131, 0.858 and 0.840, respectively. Conclusion： Medical students＇ intention to work in primary health care institutions was not well motivated. It is suggested to pay more attention to economic factors and future development factors considering its influence on the employment intention to work in primary health care institutions.