全球医护人员针刺伤的疾病经济负担文献研究

Literature review of global economic burden of diseases due to needlestick injuries among health care workers

目的了解全球针刺伤疾病经济负担,以获得相关证据,引起有关部门对针刺伤防护的重视。方法在PubMed、ScienceDirect、EBSCOhost、Cochrane中国知网和万方数据库中检索1990年—2016年5月有关针刺伤疾病经济负担的相关研究,应用世界银行通货膨胀率和2015年货币汇率将各研究针刺伤成本转换成2015年12月美元表示,并进行合并比较分析。结果共纳入7篇文献,3篇美国研究,瑞典、韩国、比利时、中国台湾地区研究各1篇。中国大陆的研究均只集中在针刺伤发生率的报道,未见有成本研究。2篇未明确研究人群,其余5篇的研究人群均为在医疗机构中所有工作人员。成本分析方法:7篇文献中3篇为一手数据分析,4篇为模型推算得出。成本研究范围:4篇研究测算了直接成本,2篇研究分别测算直接成本和间接成本,1篇只测算了直接成本和间接成本总和。每次针刺伤总成本(直接成本+间接成本)为747~2 173美元,直接成本为167~617美元,间接成本为322~455美元。结论全球范围内针刺伤经济负担沉重,但仍被低估;中国针刺伤发生频繁,但关注不足,经济负担研究缺乏,有关部门应重视针刺伤防护及追踪处理流程。

ObjectiveTo understand the global economic burden of diseases due to needle stick injuries（NSIs）, obtain relevant evidence, and prompt the relevant departments to pay attention to the precaution of NSIs. MethodsLiteratures about NSIs published from 1990 to May 2016 were searched from PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, Cochrane, CNKI, and Wanfang database. According to world bank inflation rate and currency rate in 2015, cost of needle stick injury in each study was adjusted to US dollars in December 2015, merge comparison analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 7 literatures were included, 3 American studies and 4 studies from Sweden, Korea, Belgium, and Taiwan Region of China respectively. Studies in China's Mainland only focused on the incidence of NSIs, studies about cost were not found. Two studies did not identify studied population, the remaining 5 studies were about all staff in the medical institutions. Cost analysis method： Of 7 literatures, 3 were firsthand data analysis, 4 were derived from the model. Scope of cost research：4 studies estimated the direct cost,2 calculated direct and indirect cost respectively, only 1 study estimated the summation of direct and indirect cost. The total cost per injury （direct cost ＋ indirect cost） was $747-$2 173, direct and indirect cost were $167-$617 and $322-$455 respectively.ConclusionGlobal economic burden of NSIs is heavy and still undervalued; NSIs occur frequently in China, but attention is inadequate, research on economic burden is lacking, relevant departments should pay attention to the prevention and followup treatment process of NSIs.