基于气象卫星资料的天气雷达非降水回波消除方法

Elimination Method of Non-precipitation Echoes in Weather Radar Based on Meteorological Satellite Data

在分析天气雷达回波与卫星云图的基础上,利用"点对块"的匹配方式对雷达、卫星资料空间一致性进行处理,提出了基于气象卫星(Himawari-8)高时空分辨率资料的天气雷达非降水回波消除方法,并选取晴空非降水回波分布较广的华北、华中和长江中下游地区为研究范围,以地面气象观测的降水资料为标准,对降水和非降水条件下卫星资料红外亮温(TBB)特性值进行统计分析,得到TBB的概率分布,采用红外亮温阈值法进行天气雷达非降水回波的消除。选取2016年7月1—30日地面气象观测资料对该方法消除效果进行检验评估,该方法的正确识别率达88.5%。个例效果检验表明:该方法能够有效地识别消除大部分非降水回波,在基于现有天气雷达资料质量控制方法的基础上可进一步提高雷达数据质量;该方法对无云条件的非降水识别率较高,对降水回波误判率较低,但对有云条件下的非降水回波识别率较低。

Based on the analysis of radar echo and satellite cloud picture,the spatial consistency of radar and satellite data is processed by the method of＂point to block＂matching.A non-precipitation echo cancellation method for weather radar based on high temporal-spatial resolution data of meteorological satellite（Himawari-8）is proposed.And the regions of northern China,central China and downstream areas of the Yangtze River where the non-precipitation echo are widely distributed are selected as the research scope.The observed precipitation data are used as the standard to statistically analyze the infrared light temperature（TBB）characteristics of satellite data under precipitation and non-precipitation conditions,and the probability distribution of TBB is obtained.The infrared brightness threshold method is used to eliminate non precipitation echoes of weather radar.The surface observation data from1-30 July 2016 are selected to evaluate the effect of elimination,and the recognition rate reaches 88.5%.The case test results show that this method can identify and eliminate most of non-precipitation echo effectively,and the radar data quality can be further improved.The method has a high recognition rate for non-precipitation under no-cloudy conditions,and a lower erroneous judgement rate for precipitation echoes.However,the method has a low recognition rate for non-precipitation echo under cloudy conditions.