传播技术的变革与学术传播秩序的重构

Technological Transformation and Restructure of the Order of Academic Communication

自数网技术介入学术传播至今这20年中,学术传播的业态已发生了根本性的变化:纸本学术期刊基本退出了传播,只保留了"发表"的功能;封闭的出版环境被打破,来自境外和其他行业的传播主体正在或已经侵入传统学术期刊的领地;一场国际学术话语权的竞争已在数网技术的基础上全面展开。当我们回顾这段鲜活的历史时,不难发现史实远比理论精彩,在封闭或开放的空间里,技术作用的形态和结果可能截然不同。如今,学术传播正在由简单静态结构向复杂动态结构转变,面对各种力量角逐的开放的国际空间,如果我们因应传统的惯性而总是试图以纸本时代的传统秩序和手段来予以规约,就会越来越力不从心;而当我们试图构建新的传播秩序时,却又发现,学术传播的话语权也已为某些国际学术传媒集团所掌控,它们已成为国际学术传播秩序事实上的制定者和维护者。因此,只有坚持开放,积极参与,才能赢得国际竞争,而竞争的焦点必然是学术平台。如何运用新理念、新技术构建具有国际影响力的中国学术传播平台,并进而参与乃至主导国际学术传播秩序的重构,已是一个迫在眉睫的问题。

During the past 20 years after the application of computerized numerical technology in academic communication, the format of academic communication has been greatly changed. ＂Publication＂ remains the only function of paper academic journals. The closed environment of academic communication has been broken by communicators from abroad and other walks of life. An international competition for the power of academic communication has been in its full swing. At present, academic communication has been changing from its original simple and static structure to a completed and dynamic structure. With an open international space of competition among various forces, we will become more and more powerless if we uphold to the tradition and still attempt to follow the traditional order and methods at the age of paper journals. Besides, when we try to construct our new communication order, we find that the speech power of academic communication has also been controlled by some international academic media groups, who have actually become the makers and maintainers of the order of international academic communication. Adhering to the open and taking an active part in the communication, therefore, is the only way to win in the international academic communication, and the focus of the competition is surely academic platforms. It is therefore a pressing question now about how to make the best use of new concepts and technology so as to restructure or even to lead the order of international academic communication.