环境因素及防控措施对托幼机构手足口病疫情影响研究

Influence of environment factors and control and prevention measures on hand,foot and mouth disease clustering

目的探讨环境因素及防控措施对手足口病聚集疫情的影响,分析控制疫情的关键点。方法调查2014年天津市幼托儿童手足口病病例卫生习惯和生活环境,收集2014的手足口病聚集性疫情资料,分析两者关联。结果幼托儿童手足口病病例中有接触史且不用流动水洗手、幼儿园书籍、玩具无定期消毒、生活环境周围可见垃圾、粪便的比例较高(均有P<0.05)。未落实防控措施的私立无证幼儿园其聚集疫情继发病例的发生率、继发病例数、聚集病例总数和疫情持续时间均高于落实防控措施的私立无证幼儿园(均P<0.05)。结论避免手足口病疫情扩大的关键是为幼儿提供良好的生活环境和落实到位的防控措施。

Objective To explore the influence of environment factors and the control and preventive measures on hand,foot and mouth disease clustering.Methods The data of hand,foot and mouth disease clustering cases were collected and the health habits and living environments of children in kindergarten were investigated in Tianjin in 2014.Results The proportions of washing hand by stagnant water,not disinfecting books and toys of kindergarten at regular intervals,garbage or excrement could been seen in living surroundings were higher(all P <0.05) in hand foot and mouth cases with contact experience.The secondary attack rate,the number of secondary case,the number of clustering cases and the duration of epidemic were higher in the kindergarten without control measures compared with those with control measures(all P <0.05).Conclusion The key points to control the hand,foot and mouth disease are healthful living surroundings and implementation of control measures.