辽宁农村学校自建设施供水微生物学调查

Investigation on microbial contamination of self-building drinking water supply facilities in rural schools of Liaoning province

目的了解辽宁省农村自建设施供水学校的饮用水微生物卫生状况,为改善农村学校学生饮用水水质提供依据。方法于2014年对全省49个涉农县(区)97所中小学校的自建供水设施调查水源类型及水质处理情况,采用统一调查表,并采集水样,检测微生物学指标。结果调查的97所农村自建设施供水学校中,水源均为地下水,其中76.3%为深层地下水,71.1%无任何水处理措施。采集检测的194份水样中,微生物指标合格率为85.6%,菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌合格率分别为96.4%,86.6%,89.7%,98.5%。经过处理的水样微生物综合指标合格率高于未经过处理水样,枯水期微生物指标综合合格率高于丰水期,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本次调查的辽宁省农村学校自建设施水质存在微生物污染,应尽快完善水质净化工艺。

Objective To investigate the microbial contamination of self-building drinking water supply systems in rural schools of Liaoning province and provide a basis for the improvement of water quality.Methods The information of 97 schools in 49 agricultural district in 2014 were collected,and water samples were collected,microbial sanitation was examined and evaluated according to the related standards.Results The water of deep well was the main source of drinking water from self-building supply systems,which accounted for 76.3% of the total 97 sources,71.1% of raw water were not treated.The total qualified rate of microbial indicators in 194 water samples of self-building drinking water supply facilities in rural schools was 85.6%.The qualified rate of total count of bacteria,total coliforms,thermotolerant coliform and Escherichia coliforms were 96.4%,86.6%,89.7% and 98.5% respectively.The water quality was better for water samples with water treatment compared with those without water treatment.The water quality in the dry season was better than that in wet season( P <0.05).Conclusion Microbial contamination was seen in self-building drinking water supply systems in the investigated rural schools of Liaoning,the water treatment should be completed in the water supply systems.