基于信息—动机—行为技巧模型对老年男性永久性膀胱造瘘患者自我管理行为及自我感受负担的影响

Effects of information motivation behavior model on self-management behavior and self perceived burden of elderly patients with permanent bladder fistula

目的探讨基于信息—动机—行为技巧模型(information-motivation-behavioral skills model,IMB模型)的干预对老年永久性膀胱造瘘患者自我管理行为及自我感受负担的影响。方法选取2015年11月-2016年11月在本院泌尿外科门诊就诊携带永久性膀胱造瘘管的老年男性患者92例,按就诊次序编号,根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和实验组,每组各46例。对照组采用集中授课等方式进行健康教育,每月1次,每次60 min,共6个月;观察组基于IMB模型实施干预,每月1次,每次30~60 min,共6个月。干预前后,采用自我管理行为量表及自我感受负担量表对两组患者进行测评。结果干预后,实验组自我管理能力总分为(76.32±4.73)分高于对照组的(67.22±3.14)分,差异有统计学意义(t=4.587,P<0.05);实验组自我感受负担总分为(10.32±4.48)分低于对照组的(19.98±6.63)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-8.188,P<0.05)。结论基于IMB模型对老年男性膀胱造瘘患者实施干预,可提高患者的自我管理行为水平,减轻其自我感受负担。

Objective To explore the effect of information-motivation-behavioral （IMB） skills model on self-management behavior and self perceived burden of elderly patients with permanent bladder fistula. Methods A total of 92 elderly patients with permanent urinary bladder fistula were randomly divided into experiment group and control group in our hospital from November 2015 to November 2016, 46 cases in each group. In the control group, taking classes, face-to-face education were done for a total of 6 months once a month, 60 minutes each time. In the experiment group, the IMB model was used for the nursing intervention for a total of 6 months once a month, 60 minutes each time. The two groups of patients were assessed by self management behavior scale and self perceived burden scale. Results After the intervention, the score on self-management ability of the experiment group was （76.32 ± 4.73）, higher than （67.22 ± 3.14） of the control group （P〈0.05）. The score on the self perceived burden of the experiment group was significantly lower than that of the control group （10.32 ± 4.48 vs. 19.98± 6.63, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of IMB model can improve the self-management behavior of elderly male patients with bladder fistula, and reduce the burden of self perception.