具有梯度结构的三维IPMC的制备及表征

Fabrication and characteristics of the 3-dimensional IPMC with gradient structure

离子聚合物金属复合材料(ionic polymer metal composite,IPMC)是一种离子型电活性聚合物,具有驱动电压低、位移变形量大、反应迅速和质量轻等优点,作为新型的电致动材料具有广阔的应用前景。但是现有的IPMC电致动材料存在输出力小和非水工作时间短的缺点。通过制备厚度上具有梯度变化的三维IPMC来提高IPMC的驱动性能;采用不易电解挥发、稳定性较好的乙二醇作为IPMC的工作介质,延长IPMC的非水工作时间。研究结果表明,在相同幅值的正弦交流电压下,具有一定梯度结构的IPMC能够显著提高其形变位移和输出力,幅值为3.5V时,形变位移和输出力较相同质量厚度的平面型IPMC分别提升了7.0%和47.9%;用乙二醇置换水作为工作介质的平面型IPMC,其非水工作时间得到大幅提升,从150s延长至300s。IPMC电机械输出性能的提升和非水工作时间的延长对于IPMC在驱动领域的进一步应用开发具有重要意义。

Ionic polymer metal composites （IPMCs） belong to ionic electroactive polymers and have broad appli-cation prospect as a new type of electric actuator material due to their advantages such as low driving voltage 9 large deformation displacement9 rapid reaction9 light weighty and so on. However9 there are still prominent de-ficiencies in the existing IPMC9 such as low blocking force and short air-operation time. This study improves the performance of IPMC by fabricating three dimensional IPMC with structure of gradient in thickness and uses ethylene glycolf instead of water 9 as solvent in IPMC in order to prolong the air-operating time of IPMC. The results indicate that 3-D IPMC with the structure of a certain gradient in thickness improves the performance both in deformation displacement and blocking force under 3.5 V 9 0.1 Hz sinusoidal alternating voltage. Com-pared to the planar IPMC with the same quality and thickness 9 the deformation displacement and blocking force of 3-D IPMC are increased by 7.0% and 47. 9 % 9 respectively. The air-operation working time is significantly prolonged from 150s to 300s, when using ethylene glycol as the solvent. The improvement of electromechanical output performance and the extension of non-water working time for the IPMC have great significance for the further application development in the driving area.