“一带一路”沿线国家对中国产品市场的依赖度及中国的对策

Level of Market Reliance on Chinese Products and China Policies of One Belt One Road Countries

研究"一带一路"沿线国家对中国经济的依赖度,对推进"一带一路"建设及中国与沿线国家实现"合作共赢"具有重要的意义。文章从不同地区和国家的角度考察了中国作为"一带一路"沿线国家市场提供者的地位,且与美国进行了比较,从中分析了"一带一路"沿线国家对中国产品市场依赖度及发展前景。文章认为,东南亚国家及蒙古国对中国具有较高的市场依赖度,其他国家对中国市场的依赖度相对较低,特别是中东欧国家,对中国市场的依赖度最低。"一带一路"沿线国家对中国的初级产品和中间产品市场还会保持相对较高的市场依赖度,而对中国最终资本品和最终消费品市场依赖度不高,但未来对中国最终消费品市场的依赖度会进一步增强。中国应高度重视进口贸易的政策管理与结构优化,充分发挥对外市场提供者的积极作用,以促进经济全球化和推进"一带一路"建设的进程。

This article considers from the vantage point of various OBOR countries China’s status as a market provider to such states,and compares this with the role of the United States.In this way,it assesses the level of dependence and prospects for development of OBOR states on China as a market provider.It argues that Southeast Asian states and Mongolia have a high level of market reliance on primary and intermediary products from China,while other states,especially Middle Eastern and European states,have relatively low dependence.At present levels of market reliance on China’s final capital products and final consumption products are low,however that on China’s final consumption products will increase in the future.China should pay careful attention to export trade policy and structural optimization,as well as take full advantage of its role as a supplier to foreign markets.