吊罗山国家森林公园山地雨林板根树与板根的数量特征

Quantitative Characteristics of Buttresses Trees and Their Buttresses of Tropical Mountain Rainforest in Diaoluoshan National Forest Park

【目的】探讨山地雨林中板根树及其板根的数量特征,为板根树与板根的特征研究及评价提供科学依据。【方法】用样地调查法,研究板根树的种属分布;用扩散系数和t-检验方法判断板根树木在群落中的分布格局;用常规统计检验和拟合分布函数的方法,分别对板根树木及板根的密度和板根大小做量化分析。【结果】原始林和退化原始林中共有52个具有板根的树种,属于25个科的33个属,只在原始林出现的有18个种,只在退化原始林出现的有23个种,同时出现在原始林和退化原始林的有11个种;板根树木在原始林和退化原始林均呈集群分布,密度为0~133.3株·hm^(-2),2种林分类型平均38.9株·hm^(-2),原始林中平均48.9株·hm^(-2),退化原始林中平均34.1株·hm^(-2);板根密度为0~666.7条·hm^(-2),2种林分类型平均160.0条·hm^(-2),原始林中平均197.9条·hm^(-2),退化原始林中平均142.2条·hm^(-2);板根高度为0.30~5.00 m,平均1.19 m;板根宽度与高度显著正相关(α=0.05),二者间关系可以用简单线性方程表达;板根树木密度分布、板根密度分布、板根高度分布都可用负指数分布函数表达;平均每株板根树木有4.1条板根,单株板根树木的板根条数符合泊松分布。【结论】研究区山地雨林中有丰富的板根树种,在林内呈集群分布。退化原始林内板根树种丰富度高于原始林,但密度低于原始林。板根宽度与板根高度有简单线性关系,评价板根大小时选其中一个即可。

【Objective 】Buttress is a type of lateral root and a typical feature of tropical rain forests,with its own ecological significance. There were only some descriptive analysis on buttress in studies on ecological characteristics of rain forest in China. In this paper,characteristics of buttresses of Diaoluoshan mountain rain forests in Hainan Island were studied,and the objective is to understand the ecology of the buttress trees and the buttresses. 【Method】Buttress tree was analyzed with the data from field investigation. Buttress tree density,and buttress density and size were tested for normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov method or distribution patterns of those measurements that were fitted. The diffusion coefficients（ C） was calculated to decide buttress trees＇ distribution pattern. 【Result】There were 52 in total buttress tree species belonging to 33 genera of 25 families. There were 18 species could be found only in primary forests（ PFs）,and 23 in degraded primary forests（ DPFs）. And there were 11 species could be found both in PFs and DPFs. Buttress trees were distributed in clumped patterns both in PFs and DPFs. Density of buttress trees were in a range from 0. 0 to 133. 3 stem·hm^-2. Average density of buttress trees of the two stands was 38. 9 stem·hm^-2; average density in PFs was 48. 9 stem·hm^-2and DPFs was 34. 1 stem·hm^-2. As to the buttress,density was in a range from 0. 0 to 666. 7 root·hm^-2,and the total average was 160. 0 root·hm^-2,average in PFs was 197. 9 root·hm^-2,average in DPFs was 142. 2 root·hm^-2. Height of buttresses were in a range of 0. 30 to 5. 00 m,and the average was 1. 19 m. There was a positive relationship between buttresses＇ length and height which could be fitted in simple linear regression equation. Distribution of density of buttress treesand buttresses,and height of buttresses could be described well by negative exponential function. Counts of buttresses in each buttress tree satisfied Poisson distribution and average buttresses were 4. 1 in each buttress tree. 【Conclusion】There were abundant buttress tree species in mountain rain forest of Diaoluoshan National Forest Park. The analysis of quantitative indicators of buttress tree species and their buttress provides a basis for study of their ecological characteristics in future. And it also has some practical value for the investigation and evaluation of that special tourism resources.