中国地级及以上行政区旅游投资潜力测度与区域分异——基于Krugman地理本性论

Estimation and Regional Heterogeneity of Tourism Investment Potential Index of Prefecture-level Regions in China:Based on Krugman's Geographical Nature Principle

基于Krugman"地理本性论"原理,构建了包含旅游资源禀赋、旅游区位与市场、商业基础条件、旅游政策四大要素的区域旅游投资潜力评价指标体系。在地理信息系统和地理计算模型支持下,分析了主要指标间的机理关系,计算了全国地级及以上行政区的观光、休闲和综合旅游投资潜力指数。研究发现:(1)观光和休闲投资潜力空间分布形态有明显差异。前者呈现相对破碎化、离散化的态势,而后者呈现更为明显的地域规律性,原因是优质观光景观的发育具有较大随机性,而休闲旅游受自然资源禀赋影响较大,在空间上具有较强连续性和自相关性。(2)旅游投资潜力空间分异显著。东部、中部、西部、东北逐次递减,五大城市群旅游投资潜力明显高于其他区域,且大部分城市群休闲投资潜力高于观光,预示着旅游产业发达地区的旅游活动正由观光转型为休闲。

The authors have built a regional tourism investment potential index（IPI） system which contains tourism resources, tourism location and market, infrastructure and economic development, and tourism development policy, based on Krugman＇ s geographical nature principle. Functional relations among indexes and the tourism IPI have been analyzed under the support of GIS and geo-computing models. Sightseeing and leisure IPIs of prefecture-level regions have been computed. The results show that the sightseeing IPI tends to fragmentation and discretization, while the leisure IPI shows an obvious spatial regularity, for the development of high quality tourist spots is highly stochastic, while the tourism natural resources which can significantly influence the leisure IPI show spatial continuity and autocorrelation. Moreover, The tourism IPI shows an obvious spatial heterogeneity. The tourism IPIs of the East Part, Middle Part, West Part and Northeast Part successively decline. The tourism IPIs of the five major urban agglomerations are obviously higher than those of other regions, and the leisure IPIs of most urban agglomerations are higher than their sightseeing IPIs, which indicates an transition of tourism activities from sightseeing to leisure in the developed regions of tourism industry.