TPP执行救济制度及启示

TPP Implementation Relief System and Its Enlightenment

在制度设计上,TPP沿用了WTO执行救济中的补偿、贸易报复措施,保持了救济措施的临时性、不溯及既往及救济措施争议解决的基础制度框架。同时,在总结吸收WTO执行救济制度实践的经验教训,尤其是在相关改革提议的基础之上,TPP在明确补偿的优先地位和具体形式、简化执行救济程序、建立货币赔偿及基金制度,以及解决WTO执行救济相关程序内在矛盾等方面作出了积极探索和创新,有利于增强执行救济制度的科学性、实效性和权威性,有利于促进国际经贸体制权利义务体系的稳定性和可预见性,可以说是WTO执行救济制度的"升级版"。我国在自贸协定谈判中要借鉴相关内容和主旨,完善我国的自贸协定。

TPP follows the compensation and trade retaliation measures in WTO implementation relief system, which not only maintains the provisionality and non-retroactivity of relief measures, but the framework of the dispute settlement for relief measures. At the same time, on the basis of WTO implementation relief system, TPP has clarified the priority and specific form of compensation, simplified the implementation relief system procedures, established the monetary compensation and fund system, and also solved the internal contradictions of WTO implementation relief system. The reformed implementation relief system in TPP is more scientific, effective and authoritative, but strengthens the stability and predictability of international trade. TPP implementation relief system is the ＂upgraded version＂ of that in WTO. Therefore, China should draw on relevant content in the negotiations to improve the FTAs.