渤海鱼类群落个体数指标时空格局的因子分析

SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS OF FISH COMMUNITY IN BOHAI SEA USING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL NUMBER INDICATORS

鱼类群落是水域生态系统内生产力动态的重要输出成分,也是当今以生态系统多样性为核心的生物多样性研究的主要内容。分析鱼类群落结构,通常采用描述自然群落多样性综合指数,如物种数、生态密度和群落多样性结构指数(朱鑫华等,1994a,Washington,1984),或通过多元统计分析的方法。

Factor analysis was used to extract the spatiotemporal patterns of the whole fish community from NED (ecological density in number) in the inter-decade period from 1982-1985 to 1992-1993. Analogous relationship between principal representative species and amalgamated stations for those distributions of NED has shown dynamic trends that led to the seasonal alternation. In the same period of different months, the more species occurred, the more the first principal representative species. Positive relation of species number to commonalty resulted in more diversity combinations in the spatial distribution. According to these patterns among the total species number and principal representative species as well as numerous intrusions into the specific stations, three sub-regions were defined in Laizhou Bay (from stations 23 to 30). Liaodong Bay (from stations 1,3, 4, 6-9) as well as Bohai Bay and its middle part (from stations 10 to 23). Among the 30 stations in the Bohai Sea, there were 18 stations to be ascribed to the first principal components of NED spatial distribution from November to April, more than those in Autumn and no station appeared of every station to the whole months. The inter-decade data showed more species re-occurred in spring and Japanese achovies, Engraulis japonicus, has become predominant species under the prevailing fisheries ecological condition.