热带西太平洋暖池及其与南方涛动和副热带高压关系

THE TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC WARM POOL AND ITS RELATIONS TO THE SOUTHERN OSCILLATION AND SUBTROPICAL HIGH OVER THE WEST PACIFIC

热带西太平洋暖池是全球大洋表面温度最高的区域,也是全球海-气能量交换年总量最大的海域。它的维持和变化不仅对E1 Ni?o的发生、发展起着重要作用,而且对中高纬度大气环流的变化也有重要影响。近年来国内外对热带西太平洋暖池进行了许多实验和研究,取得了一些有意义的结果(王世平,1989;Wyrtki,1989;黄荣辉,1994;董敏,1994;Wajsowicz,1994)。但是这些研究多偏重于暖池对大气环流和东亚气候的影响方面,对暖池本身的主要特征及其变异方面的研究相对较少。

In this work, the form, high temperature center, and heat content of the Tropical Western Pacific Warm Pool were analyzed based on SST data and observations along Sections 137°E, 155°E and 165°E, and the relations of the warm pool’s area to the Southern Oscillation (SO) and to the Subtropical High over the West Pacific(SH) were studied. The results showed that the inter-annual variations of the warm pool’s form, high temperature center and heat content all related to the abnormality of the large scale air-sea system in the Tropical Western Pacific. There are close relations between the warm pool’s area and SO and the area index of SH. Although they have the same main period of 46. 7 month, their variations differ in phase: the warm pool’s area variation lags 2,3 months that of SO but leads by 3,5 months that of the area index of SH.