放射性医疗废水衰变池设计优化探讨

Optimization in Designing the Decay Tanks of Medical Radioactive Wastewater

放射性医疗废水衰变池的设计通常分为连续式和间歇式。在比较分析连续式和间歇式衰变池的优缺点的基础上,结合实际工程案例以及医院后期运行的维护管理,提出了一种优化池体——预处理式的具有抗冲击负荷能力的连续式衰变池。其基本工艺流程为放射性废水收集→化粪池→推流式衰变池→达标排放。该设计将化粪池与衰变池合建,扩大了化粪池的容积,增强了衰变池抗负荷的能力,在截留杂质的同时利用池体进行衰变;污水在池体内实现了水平和竖向的立体性流动,实现最长路径推流,避免了短流;完全的重力流,减少了动力设备,节省了人力、物力,延长了使用寿命。总体来说,此类衰变池池体简单,既保证了使用的可靠性,又提高了后期维护的便利性和安全性。

The types of radioactive medical wastewater decay tanks include continuous flow tank and intermittent flow tank. Based on the analysis of decay tanks＇ characteristics, some project cases and the later maintenance management of hospital, an optimal continuous flow decay tank which could resist impact load has been developed. The basic process is from the collection of the radioactivity wastewater to push flow of decay tank through the septic-tank. Then the effluent could meet the standard level. The im- proved technique is shown as below： the volume and the load capacity of septic tank could be increased by means of septic-tank and decay tank being built together. Radioisotopes decay when the impurities are trapped. The longest push-flow route is formed by water flowing in horizontal and vertical directions in the decay tank. So the short of flow path could be avoided. The power equipments and resources are reduced because of gravity flow in the decay tank. So the life length of the decay tank could be prolonged. In conclusion, the simple structure of decay tank is the guarantee of reliability, convenience and safety in operation.