非意愿妊娠妇女紧急避孕药物使用现状调查

Investigation on the Utilization of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Women with Unwanted Pregnancy

目的:为提高紧急避孕药物使用比例和减少非意愿妊娠发生提供参考。方法:采用自行设计的问卷对我院458例因非意愿妊娠要求流产的妇女的紧急避孕知识知晓情况及来源、紧急避孕药物使用情况、未使用紧急避孕药物的主要原因以及相关药物可获得性等进行调查,并就调查结果进行统计和分析。结果:共发放问卷458份,回收有效问卷426份,有效回收率为93.0%。受访妇女紧急避孕知识知晓率为81.2%(346/426),其中接受过高等教育的受访妇女紧急避孕知识知晓率显著高于其他文化程度的受访妇女(P<0.001);曾使用过相关药物的比例为56.3%(240/426),其中年龄<30岁和接受过高等教育的受访妇女曾使用过相关药物的比例显著高于其他年龄段和文化程度的受访妇女(P<0.01)。受访妇女本次妊娠发生的末次月经后使用过紧急避孕药物的占20.2%(86/426),其中按正确方法服用紧急避孕药物的仅占3.5%(3/86);未使用紧急避孕药物的主要原因是对紧急避孕不太了解和不知晓,占60.6%(206/340)。受访妇女紧急避孕知识主要来源于网络信息平台的比例最高,占53.5%(185/346)。有购买紧急避孕药物经历的受访妇女中,37.0%(81/219)认为不能方便地购买到药物。结论:紧急避孕药物在非意愿妊娠妇女中的使用比例有待提高,且不规范用药的现象较为普遍,表明避孕知识健康教育仍待加强,紧急避孕药物可获得性仍待提升。

OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving the utilization ratio of emergency contraceptive （EC） pills and reducing unwanted pregnancy. METHODS： Among 458 women with unwanted pregnancy in our hospital, self-designed questionnaires were used to survey the respondents’ knowledge and utilization of EC pills, reasons for not using, sources of EC knowledge and drug availability. The results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： Totally 458 questionnaires were distributed and then 426 valid questionnaires were collected with effective rate of 93.0%. Among respondents,the awareness rate of EC was 81.2%（346/426）,and the rate of those receiving higher education was higher than that of other education levels（P〈0.001）. 56.3%（240/426） of the respondents had ever used EC pills at one time, the utilization ratio of EC pills were higher in women less than 30-year-old and receiving higher education than other age and educational levels（P〈0.01）. Only 20.2%（86/426）of the respondents ever used EC pills after the last menstrual period and only 3.5%（3/86） of them took EC pills correctly. Not understanding or knowing EC was the main reason for not using EC pills,accounting for 60.6%（206/340）. The highest proportion of source which the respondents got EC knowledge was network, accounting for 53.5% （185/346）. 37.0%（81/219） of the respondents who had ever purchased drugs couldn’t purchase EC pills conveniently. CONCLUSIONS： The utilization ratio of EC pills in women with unwanted pregnancy needs to be improved and non-standard drug use is more common. It indicates that health education of contraception still need to be strengthened and the availability of EC pills improved.