食管癌患者术后体重和免疫功能下降的康复护理

Rehabilitation nursing in esophageal cancer patients with postoperative weight loss and decline in immune function

目的探讨食管癌患者术后体重和免疫功能下降的康复护理措施及效果。方法选取2012年6月至2013年12月间南京医科大学附属南京医院肿瘤外科收治的108例食管癌患者,按入院顺序分为观察组与对照组,每组54例,其中对照组2例退出。均给予围手术期营养支持,观察组患者在此基础上开展综合康复护理,对比两组患者体重与免疫水平相关指标。结果术后2周,观察组患者较就诊时体重下降水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者外周血淋巴细胞计数、CD4^+/CD8^+水平及Ig G水平均高于术前;两组患者TNF-α均低于术前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论对食管癌术后体重和免疫功能下降患者,开展综合康复护理,有助于减少患者术后体重下降量,增强其免疫功能。

Objective To explore rehabilitation nursing in esophageal cancer patients with postop- erative weight loss and decline in immune function. Methods From June 2012 to December 2013,180 pa- tients with esophageal cancer treated at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were se- lected as the research subject. According to the sequence of adimission, patients were divided into an obser- vation group and a control group with 54 patients in each group and 2 patients quited the study. All the pa- tients were given perioperation nutrition support. Bsed on this, the observation group was given comprehen- sive rehabilitation nursing. Weight and immunity were compared between the two groups. Results Weight loss from before the hospital visit to 2 weeks after the surgery was lower in the observation group than of in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Peripheral blood lymphocyte count and CIM ~/CD8 ~ and IgG levels were higher in the observation group than in the control group compared with preoperatively. TNF-ot level was lower than before operation with the observation group higher than the control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion For esophageal carcinoma patients with postoperative weight loss and decline in immune func- tion, comprehensive rehabilitation nursing is helpful to reduce postoperative weight loss and enhance the im- mune function.