高校校园安全共同治理:美国的经验与启示

Co-governance of the Campus Safety:American Experience and Enlightenment

美国是世界上校园安全问题较为严重的国家,同时也是最早探索如何有效保障校园安全的国家之一。为了维护校园安全,美国联邦、州与社区、非政府组织、企业等密切合作,加强顶层协同安全治理环境建设,从立法、财政拨款、信息管理和政策指导等多方面形成共同治理网络。高校也积极建立校园安全管理与共治体系,并取得了良好的成效。我国高校校园安全管理虽然形成了自己的优势与特点,但仍有必要总结美国高校校园安全的治理经验,构建多层次的校园安全共治模式。

The United States is a country with the most serious problems of campus safety in the world. It is also one of the first countries to explore how to effectively guarantee the campus safety. In order to maintain campus security, the federal, state, community, non-governmental organizations and enterprises work closely together to strengthen top-level collaborative environment construction and form the co-governance network from the aspects of legislation, finance, information management and policy guidance. Colleges and universities also actively establish campus safety management and co-governance system and achieved good results. Although the campus safety management in our country has formed its own advantages and characteristics, it is still necessary to learn from the America＇s experience of campus security management and construct a multi-level campus security co-governance model.