渤海溢油污染高风险岸滩判别及清理技术研究

Identification of High Risk Shoreline and Cleanup Technology of Oil Spill in Bohai Sea

渤海海上油气的开发增大了沿岸岸滩环境的溢油污染风险,针对溢油污染岸滩采取高效的油污清理技术对岸滩环境保护具有重要意义。文章对岸滩类型及其常用清理技术进行介绍,在对渤海溢油污染高风险岸滩进行判别的基础上,针对性地提出各区段岸滩的溢油清理技术手段,如利用油污真空回收车、低压水冲洗和铺设天然吸附物、高低压冷热水冲洗、高压热水冲洗和喷洒消油剂或表面清洗剂等,为渤海沿岸岸滩可能发生的溢油污染的处置工作提供辅助决策。

The development of offshore oil and gas in Bohai Sea has increased the risk of oil spill pollution on shoreline,and the building of effectively shoreline cleanup technology has great significance on shoreline environmental protection.In this study,the shoreline types and common cleanup technologies were introduced,and based on the identification of high risk shoreline along the coast of Bohai Sea,cleanup technologies for each segment were proposed,such as the use of oil vacuum recovery vehicles,low pressure water washing and laying of natural adsorbents,high and low pressure hot and cold water rinse,high pressure hot water washing and spraying oil or surface cleaning agent,etc.The results can provide assistant decision-making for shoreline oil cleanup.