殷墟龟腹甲右后甲新缀六例

Six New Refitting Cases of Right Femoral and Anal Turtle Shells from Yinxu

甲骨形态研究在甲骨缀合实践中起着十分重要的作用。龟腹甲各个部位依靠齿缝咬合在一起,时光荏苒,龟版极易从齿缝处断裂,形成龟缝片。右后甲龟缝片沿背面靠近甲桥的钻凿断裂后,分为左右两部分。原边所在的窄窄的龟版受外力影响大多在腹股沟附近断裂。基于上述两条规律,笔者留心于右后甲残片,发现新缀六例,内容涉及气象、战争、卜王、卜旬等方面。

Understanding morphology of the oracle bones and turtle shells plays a significant role in the practiceof oracle-bone refitting. Biologically, various parts of tortoise plastrons fused together along the jagged edges. However, plastrons would gradually fall apart along sutures. The author suggests that the right femoral and anal plastron usually breaks into the right and left parts because of the fracture caused by cracking holes near the bridge on the back. Impacted by this external force, the small, slim plate with the original edge will also break apart along the abdominal groove. Having observed these two cracking patterns, the author focuses particularly on remains of the right femoral and anal shell fragments. The author discovers six new cases of successful refitting listed below and suggests the new refitting cases facilitate the interpretation of records on climate, warfare, kingly affairs, divination, etc.