大气PM_(2.5)与2型糖尿病关系的研究进展

Review on associations between ambient fine particulate matters and type 2 diabetes mellitus

近年来,细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))已成为我国城市大气环境中被广泛关注的污染物。2型糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病,其患病率在我国和全球呈上升趋势,给个人和社会都带来沉重负担。本综述搜集并分析了近年来国内外针对大气PM_(2.5)和糖尿病开展的流行病学和毒理学研究。结果表明,大气PM_(2.5)暴露可增加人群患2型糖尿病的风险。PM_(2.5)粒径小,活性大,易吸附多种有害物质,通过激活某些信号途径引起胰岛素靶组织的氧化应激和炎症反应,线粒体功能失调,进一步使机体出现糖代谢紊乱,促进糖尿病的发生或病情加重。

The authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests. Abstract： In recent years, fine particulate matters （PM2.5） have become a major concern in many cities in China. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a typical chronic metabolic disorder, has shown an increasing prevalence in China and across the world, posing heavy burdens to both patients and society. In this review, we analyzed recent population-based epidemiologieal and toxicological studies on PM2.5 and type 2 diabetes, and drew following conclusions. Exposure to ambient PM2.5 could increase the risk of having type 2 diabetes mellitus. The potential mechanisms attributed to the adverse health effect were oxidative stress and inflammatory response in insulin target tissues or the mitochondrial dysfunction in specific signal pathways intrigued by toxic substances carried by PMz5 which are prone to absorb hazardous substances, leading to glucose metabolism disorders and finally inducing or aggravating diabetes.