浙江省宁波市2012-2016年水痘流行病学分析

Epidemiology of varicella in Ningbo city of Zhejiang province,2012-2016

目的了解浙江省宁波市2012-2016年水痘流行特征,为制定水痘防治措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对浙江省宁波市2012-2016年水痘报告病例进行分析。结果 2012-2016年宁波市共报告28 028例水痘病例,年平均发病率为73.39/10万。发病时间高峰在每年的4-5月和11月-次年1月。2012年5-9岁组发病率最高(578.80/10万),2013-2016年10-14岁组发病率最高,分别为767.85/10万、900.15/10万、998.34/10万和1 086.31/10万。2012-2016年10-14岁组后各年龄组发病率呈下降趋势(趋势χ~2=159.82,P<0.001)。结论宁波市水痘发病年龄呈逐年增大趋势,建议提高3岁以上儿童第2剂水痘疫苗的覆盖率。

Objective To determine the epidemiological characteristic of varicella in Ningbo, Zhejiang, 2012-2016, and to provide evidence for developing control and prevention strategies. Methods De- scriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze surveillance data from Ningbo, Zhejiang from 2012 to 2016. Results A total of 28 028 varicella cases were reported in 2012-2016, for an average an- nual incidence of 73.39 per 100 000 population. Case counts peaked in April-May, and November-next January. The.highest age-specific incidence rate （578.80 per 100 000 population） was among the 5-9 year old group in 2012, but in 2013-2016, the highest rates were in the 10-14 year-old group ： 767.85, 900. 15, 998.34, and 1 086.31 per 100 000 population, respectively by year. Age-specific incidence rates declined among the ≥ 10-14 year old group in 2012-2016 （ Trend X2 = 159. 82, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusion The ages at which children acquired varicella increased by year in Ningbo. We should enhance 2-dose varicella vaccine coverage among children over 3 years of age.