关停矿井转型升级战略构想与关键技术

Strategic conceptualization and key technology for the transformation and upgrading of shut-down coal mines

煤炭是我国主导能源,随着洁净、绿色、低碳理念的践行,煤炭在一次能源消费结构中的比例将逐步下降,关停的矿井将越来越多,对关停矿井的认知随着社会发展和科技进步必须突破传统思维定势,建立新的资源理念,即关停矿井不只可以遏制生态破坏,还可以提供宝贵的地下空间资源。关停矿井的资源化利用和转型升级,不仅是一个经济问题,更是一个科学问题。解决好这个问题,将对我国未来矿业生态、城乡建设以及能源战略产生深远影响。提出了关停矿井科学转型升级应遵循的6个基本原则,强调了关停矿井转型升级的立体化和生态化开发理念、关停矿井空间资源化利用的国家战略思维以及关停矿井开发利用的历史文化观,系统阐述了关停矿井资源化转型升级所涉及的关键技术,如地下生态城市、井下抽水蓄能发电、竖井地下停车场、地下医学和地下疗养院、地下农业种植、地下生态景观、深地科学探索等,同时建议部分富有特色和历史内涵的矿井申报工业遗产。以上战略构想和相应关键技术有望为未来关停矿井的资源化利用、立体式开发和全面转型升级提供解决思路。

While coal is dominating the energy resource of China, the proportion of coal in the primary energy con- sumption, with the increasing shut-down of coal mines, is decreasing in recent years due to importance of clean, green and low carbon energy. New conception and strategy on the shut-down mines need to be built beyond the old and stere- otypical thoughts along with the development of society, science and technology. We believe that the shut-down mines can not only restrain further ecological damage, but also provide precious underground space resource. The resourceutilization and transition and upgrade of shut-down coal mines is not only an economic,but also a scientific concern. How we solve this problem will have a significant impact on the mining ecology, urban and rural construction and ener- gy strategy of China in the future. In this paper, we propose six principles on the scientific transformation and upgra- ding of the shut-down mines,and give emphasis on the stereoscopic and ecological development conception,the strate- gic ideation on underground space utilization, as well as the historical cuhure view on shut-down mines. The key tech- nologies involved in the utilization of the shut-down mines are discussed in details, including the development of un- derground ecological city, underground pumping-storage power generation, parking lots, medicine and nursing, agricul- tural cultivation, ecological landscape and scientific exploration. Industrial heritage declaration of some typical and his- torical mines will also be involved. The above strategic concepts and corresponding key technologies are expected to provide new solutions for the resources utilization and stereoscopic exploitation on the shut-down coal mines and asso- ciated transformation and upgrading in China.